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Thursday, May 22, 2008

PROBLEMS IN EARLY PREGNANCY part 1

One of the earliest predicaments to confront a woman who has missed one or two periods, involves this all absorbing question, “Am I pregnant?” There are several simple techniques to determine pregnancy with reasonable certainty, right within one’s own home. A suspicion arises when there is a miss of the normal menstrual period. If menses have been regular for several months, then the intuition heightens. Many women have months when they skip the cycle normally. Others have periods too scant to notice. Then the diagnosis of pregnancy becomes more difficult.
Symptoms of pregnancy may be present. You may experience a feeling of nausea, typically in the morning. This is occasionally associated with prolonged vomiting lasting throughout the day. The breasts may swell and become more tender than is usually associated with the premenstrual state. A slight change may occur in the vaginal discharge. Occasionally, a woman who has had previous children just “feels pregnant.” In pregnancy after three to four months, a “lump” may actually be felt above the pubic bone, located in the lower abdomen. This is probably the enlarging womb. By five months gestation it will usually reach to the navel, with an obvious rounded prominence in the lower abdomen. Fetal movements may be sensed at four to four and a half months, though they are sometimes detected earlier by experienced mothers carrying their second or third child.
In most pharmacies today, you can purchase a urine pregnancy test kit. This analysis very simply measures the amount of HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin), a hormone secreted by the developing placenta. A positive test for pregnancy develops within three to six weeks after conception. Use a concentrated morning urine sample for best reliability. If performed according to directions, these tests are quite dependable in confirming the suspicion of pregnancy.
Vague abdominal pains are sometimes felt in early pregnancy. Pelvic pain may occur from pressure on an enlarged ovary, or from a “tilted” uterus. As it enlarges, the organs become tighter in the pelvis, while the womb has not yet risen into the abdominal cavity. Pain could be related to constipation, or to cystitis. Usually, a bladder infection is characterized by burning combined with a frequent urge to urinate. Stretching of the ligaments that support the uterus may produce pain. In later months, the pressure of a fetal part on a pelvic nerve or a sudden shifting of the baby within the womb may give rise to such symptoms. Usually reassurance is all the patient needs. Severe pain or sudden changes in health status should be called to the attention of a physician immediately, however, since it could be an ectopic (tubal) pregnancy. If this goes unrecognized it could rupture, with internal hemorrhage and potential disaster. Appendicitis may occasionally be superimposed upon pregnancy, requiring early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment as usual.